Water & Energy
Access to clean water and electricity remains the primary challenge for millions of African city dwellers. This axis measures a city's ability to provide these essential services reliably, sustainably and resiliently in the face of climate shocks.
Why this axis matters in Africa
In sub-Saharan Africa, 40% of the urban population lacks safely managed drinking water, and power outages cost businesses up to 5% of their annual revenue.
Measured indicators
% households with clean water within 500m
Hours of power outages per day (target < 2h)
% of functional street lighting at night
Share of renewable energy (including off-grid solar)
Solid waste management and flood drainage
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Health & Care
Access to emergency care, essential medicines and prevention
Education & Youth
School enrollment, infrastructure quality, access to knowledge
Mobility & Accessibility
Urban transit, PRM accessibility and territorial equity
Governance & Public Services
Transparency, administrative efficiency and citizen trust
Connectivity & Digital
Internet access, mobile coverage and digital inclusion
Security & Urban Resilience
Public safety, risk management and crisis resilience
Tourism & Attractiveness
Heritage promotion, visitor welcome and international visibility